Civil War in Ethiopia: DBL group is in danger since they made investment



News Desk, Barta24.com
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Dhaka: Ethiopia's civil war has reached its climax. Tiger rebel regional forces have already moved closer to the capital, Addis Ababa. However, there are no signs of an end to the civil war. The ongoing civil war has put foreign entrepreneurs who have come forwarded to invest in Ethiopia are in danger. Far from sustaining the business, the entrepreneurs are in big trouble to bring back the capital invested in the country. DBL Group of Bangladesh is also on the list of such organizations.

Ethiopia was once the fastest growing economy in Africa after a long civil war. From 2010 to last year, the country achieved an average annual growth rate of 9.4 percent. Ethiopia, a multi-ethnic and politically unstable country, has been plagued by allegations of human rights abuses for years. Even then, the country has received extensive support from the Western world, including the United States and the European Union (EU). The country was made attractive to investors by providing various facilities in the industrial and trade sectors. In addition, cheap labor and land prices were an additional attraction.

Over the past decade, investors from many countries have flocked to Ethiopia to take advantage of duty-free exports to various countries in the Western world, including the United States. Buyers from Europe and the Americas are also urging Asian suppliers to invest in Ethiopia. Responding to such a call, the Bangladeshi company DBL Group went ahead with investment in the country. However, within a few years, the situation in Ethiopia has become quite unfavorable for running a business.

According to sources, Sweden-based H&M is one of the biggest buyers of DBL Group. At the urging of this organization, the DBL leaders decided to invest in Ethiopia. The goal of H&M and DBL Group was to gain duty-free access to the US market by producing garments in Ethiopia. But in the aftermath of the war, the country's ambitions have almost faded.

The ongoing civil war in Ethiopia began in November last year. Forces loyal to Prime Minister Abi Ahmed launched a military operation in the country's Tigris region. Massive bombings were also carried out in the area as part of the operation. At that time, a bomb had also exploded at the factory premises of DBL Group in Tigre. At that time Bangladeshi workers and officials got stuck. Later they were brought back to their country through diplomatic activities.

One year later, Ethiopia's civil war has intensified. Entrepreneurs from other countries, including Bangladesh, who have formally and informally invested in the country, are in trouble. Although international pressure to end the war has begun to grow, there is no reflection of this. On the other hand, the industrialists have started worrying about the future of the invested capital.

Garment industry insiders say there were special facilities for exporting goods from Ethiopia to the United States. The US government has recently canceled this facility. The Biden administration's announcement is expected to take effect in January. Before the start of the civil war, there was no tariff on exports from Ethiopia to the United States. Land prices were also relatively low. Labor is also cheap. It is mainly on these issues that many investors from outside Africa, including South Asia, have gone out of business to promote and persuade the West. Bangladesh's DBL group also went ahead.

The one-time outcry of the Western world over the country has now turned into condemnation and punitive action. One after another, trade benefits, including budget assistance to Ethiopia, are being withdrawn. The rebels, meanwhile, have moved closer to the capital, Addis Ababa. Prime Minister Abi Ahmed continues to fight back with the help of neighboring Eritrea. Deprived of the blessings of the West, he leaned towards Iran, Russia and China. Given the current context, observers fear the country's civil war could drag on. They do not see any way to save the investors from the ongoing crisis.

In Ethiopia, the DBL Group factory is built on a total of 78 hectares of land. Initially, the potential cost of the project was estimated at 10 crore 40 lakh dollars. Later, about 10 crore dollar was invested. Funding for the project was ensured from a total of three sources. This included funding from the Swedish Fund and the Development Bank of Ethiopia, including DBL Group's own funds.

DBL Group has had to go through hardships from the beginning to invest in the country. Problems such as currency devaluation and shortage of skilled manpower have also been faced. As a result, the plan to come into production was delayed. Many Bangladeshi entrepreneurs also questioned the viability of the DBL Group's investment in Ethiopia, given the existing capacity of the textile and garment sector and the weak economic base.

Although Ethiopia has some potential for backward linkage in the garment sector, it is very small compared to Bangladesh. The annual yarn production capacity of Bangladesh is more than 240 crore kg. On the other hand, the annual yarn production capacity of Ethiopia is about 7.25 crore kg. The country's annual oven fabric production capacity is much more than 20 times that of Ethiopia. There are about 150 textile and garment factories in Ethiopia. There are only about 3,500 active garment factories in Bangladesh.

Besides, there is no opportunity for any organization registered in Bangladesh to invest freely abroad. There is no specific policy in this regard. According to the Foreign Exchange Regulation Act, there is an opportunity to transfer capital outside the country subject to special approval and on a case-by-case basis. Following this policy, DBL Group was approved to invest outside Bangladesh in 2015. The company is also allowed to use the money from the export retention quota account for investment. After all these processes, the factory of Bangladeshi company DBL Group started production in Ethiopia in 2018. The company was forced to suspend operations in Peru for two years.

Asked about the overall situation, MA Jabbar, managing director of DBL Group, told that buyers and international organizations like Mackenzie call Africa the Next Frontier. But the reality is that except for a few countries in the region, most do not have large exports. In this case, their preparation is not very significant. The United States recently withdrew Ethiopia's duty-free export facility. Bangladesh will benefit at least a little. Again, in the context of the war, the investment there is stuck. Whoever has factories in the country, they will surely suffer. The United States, India and Sri Lanka, along with Bangladesh, have investments in Ethiopia. The country is still a war zone. If this situation is overcomed, then the country must look for good investors and brand buyers. In this case, our strategic relationship with the buyers who buy clothes from Bangladesh is also quite good. So we will definitely go there again. We are ready. Our position is also quite strong in the context of bargaining. Significantly, the country's own investment in the project is much higher. There is also the Sovereign Fund of the European Union. As a result, they are also involved. That is why we are united. As a result, we see that our investments are equally secured. That is what we believe. Now we have to wait.

   

Three cases against Milton Samader are processed in the night



Staff Correspondent, Barta24.com, Dhaka
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Three cases are under process against Milton Samaddar, Chairman of Child and Old Age Care Ashram. Dhaka Metropolitan Detective (DB) Police said that a case will be filed at Mirpur Model Police Station on Wednesday (May 1) night.

According to detective police sources, a case will be filed against Milton on three charges at Mirpur Model Police Station. The process of listing the cases is under process.

Earlier, a team of detective police arrested Milton Samaddar in a raid in Mirpur area of the capital.

Later, in an emergency press conference, DMP Additional Commissioner (Detective) Mohammad Haroon Or Rashid said that there are many complaints against Milton Samaddar. His house is in Uzirpur of Barishal. He was ostracized by the local people because he beat his father. Then he moved to Dhaka.

He said his wife will also be interrogated on the allegations and multiple cases will be filed. The charges leveled against him are heinous crimes. If there is evidence, he will not be exempted.

The DB chief said that Milton will be charged with human trafficking, assault on children, beating relatives when they visit and his torture cell.

Haroon Or Rashid also said that Milton came to Dhaka and started working in Shahbagh pharmacy. There, Milton was expelled for stealing medicine. Then he married a nurse. After marriage, he discussed with his wife to set up 'Child and Old Age Care'.

Before this, news about Milton Samadar's various misdeeds was published in the media. Since then, a storm of criticism started with him on social media. The victims also opened their mouths though Milton Samadar denied all the allegations made against him by interviewing some media.

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Chattogram has the highest number of child laborers in the country



Redwan Ahmed, Staff Correspondent, Barta24.com, Chattogram
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Shahjahan Mia's house was at Bhola. He came to Chattogram's Karnaphuli shore because of his stomach. Shahjahan's younger daughter is Morsheda, who is physically sick and survives by eating whatever she can get. She joined the life struggle with her father even earlier! This father and daughter were seen on the bank of Chaktai canal while buying onions caught by various pests at a low price and drying them in the sun.

When Shahjahan Mia asked about not sending her 11-year-old daughter to study and keeping her with him to work, he said, "We will have to run the family." If the family does not work, what is the point of studying? I can't help her studying for want of money. She read upto five.'

Apu, Arafat and Azgar are three friends. Their ages are 12, 11 and 12 years respectively. Their house is in Sonagaji in Feni. I met these three friends while working at a 'Printing and Foil Paper Cutting House' in Rahmatganj by Lane.

When asked to know the story of this labor life of three friends at such a young age, they exchanged a tragic experience. All three of them have the same story. They said that their parents sent them to this profession for income. However, the salary of the three could not reach any handsome amount.

The children depicted in the above two stories, the number of working children in our country is about 17 lakh 76 thousand 97 people which is 24.6 percent of the total labor of Bangladesh. Among them, 6 lakh 40 thousand children are employed in Chattogram which is 36 percent of total child labor in Bangladesh.

According to official data, Chattogram division has the highest number of child laborers in the country out of 17 lakh 76 thousand. With 3 lakh 40 thousand child laborers, it is in the second position in Dhaka Division. The number of child labor has been increasing in Chattogram for the past few years. In 2023, total child labor in Chattogram was 4.3 percent. This year it has increased by 4.4 percent.

Chattogram children are involved in household work including dumping stations, dry fish sector, metal factories, automobile workshops, transport and ship breaking. Due to which the risk of their life is also great.

Assistant Director (Child Protection Project) of Chattogram non-profit organization (NGO) Mamata Mujtahida Kausar gave this information to Barta24.com on Monday (April 29).

However, aluminum sector is at the top of child labor in Chattogram. It is followed by public transport, hotel, garment industry, construction, health and beauty parlor sector respectively. These data emerged in a survey conducted by four teachers of Chattogram University and Premier University in 2023 with the support of Bangladesh Institute of Labor Studies (BILS).

According to the Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics (BBS), the Bangladesh government has officially recognized 43 sectors as vulnerable. But it is known from various social and human rights organizations that most children work in these risky occupations.

Zia Habib Ahsan, Secretary General of Human Rights Organization Bangladesh Human Rights Foundation (BHRF), said, "Although different definitions of children are given in different laws of the state, in most laws, a person is called a child up to 18 years of age. Child labor up to the age of 18 is a legally punishable offence. In some cases child labor is permitted under certain age and conditions. However, the sad thing is that the neighboring country India also has child protection laws. But it is not in Bangladesh.

He also said, "Even if a certain child labor is allowed, there are certain conditions." For example, daily work cannot be done for more than 4-5 hours. Do not do heavy work. Chemical, battery, workshop, wiring, electrical, transportation, dumping etc. heavy work shall not be done. They cannot be employed full time. They have to check their fitness and appoint them etc. However, it is disappointing that the state is responsible for ensuring the fundamental rights of children, but the state is not fulfilling it.

Why are children involved in child labor? In response to the question of what is the reason behind this, Chief Executive of Chattogram non-profit organization (NGO) Mamta Rafiq Ahmed said, "One of the reasons for the increase in child labor in Chattogram is poverty." Moreover, since Chattogram is the commercial capital, many are involved in work from childhood. Again, because children can be paid less, many establishment owners bring children to work. There can also be various other reasons. However, the biggest reason is poverty. If the state can ensure the basic rights of all, this child labor will be reduced.

Jasmine Sultana Paru, chief executive of ILMA (NCO's Legal Support Through Local Movement and Action), said, 'The way our population is growing is also one of the reasons for the increase in child labor. Moreover, many families send their children to work for money. But child labor is not just child labor. The physical and mental abuse that these children undergo while doing this child labor is beyond imagination. Moreover, the government says, no child will be left behind. Not a single child will be on the streets. But what will happen, there is no such initiative. No one knows where the child is, dead or alive. But I think that child labor will come down one day if strong initiatives are taken by the government and the private sector.

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Still their fate does not change! Live in labor and sweat



Seerat Manjur, Staff Correspondent, Barta24.com, Chattogram
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A heavy load of fish on the head. Sunburned face darkened. Sweat is pouring down. But where is Mohammad Farhad when looking at that? The more fish sacks you carry, the higher the wages will be. And if you get wages, you will get food in the mouth of mother and two brothers!

How old are you - Farhad stopped a little. Sad face. A 16-year-old teenager opened the window of that sadness by getting people. He started saying, 'Though I studied up to class five, I could not continue my studies due to lack of education because I don't have a father. I have two brothers and mother at home. Who will feed them if I do not work? I came to Chattogram from Bhola and started working in a grocery store. But the salary there was low. Even though it is hard to be forced, I have to work for two months in intense heat to load heavy sacks of fish.

Farhad smiled a little while looking at his face. He said, 'I was fairer before coming to work here. Now I'm blackened by the sun.

Not only this teenager, but many such Farhads will be seen if you go to Banglabazar Ghat of Karnaphuli river in Chattogram city. Some are 15, some are 20-25. These teenagers work to load fish by competing with adults every day. Women are also with them. This image seen on Wednesday afternoon is every day.

These workers started running when the Sampans filled with fish crowded the river bank. This is a race for food. Females and juveniles compete with adult males. Different species of fish from the sea are going to the freezer on their heads. Their lives last for twelve months by loading heavy fish encased in cold ice.

Through this ghat of Karnaphuli, all kinds of fish including hilsa, coral, surma and poa from the sea go to the nearby cold store. From that freezer, these fish spread all over the country, even outside the country. And hundreds of workers work to bring down these fish. The sailor takes care of these workers. And 10, 20 or 50 workers work under the leadership of each sailor. Ten workers work to deliver one Sampan's fish to the freezer. In return, everyone gets a wage of 100 taka. This work starts every morning and ends in the evening. Those who have no holidays in the week or month are paid according to the labor they give. They have to fight to get that wage from the sailor!

On the surface it can be seen that two other workers are supporting a worker by handing a bag of fish over his head. In just a few minutes, he is running and putting the sack on his head in the freezer. In the meantime, if you stand or slow down, the sailor will be scolded and scolded.

It is normal to have men between 40 and 60 years of age among these ghat workers. Many women also joined the union due to the scarcity. But the surprising thing is that even teenagers of 10 to 14 years of age are carrying this heavy bag of fish on their heads.

Hathazari resident of Chattogram eleven mile area, dark complexion. Father was a big businessman. But destiny has made Afsar a worker. It's hard to work with age, but stomach won't understand that anymore. That's why he still has to go to work every day.

Highlighting that sadness, Afsar told Barta24.com, 'The price of things including gas and electricity, it is very difficult for us to live at present. My knee hurts, but still have to work. There is no way, the urge to survive has to work. Don't do it - why not get paid as long as I work. If you don't work, you won't get rice in your stomach. Let the government pay attention to us.

Along with men, Munni Begum (30) of Rangpur has been working at this ghat for about three years. When asked, she told Barta24.com, "We don't have any holidays. You have to come to the ghat every morning at 8 o'clock. I am waiting for when the boat or Sampan will come. Carrying a load on the head is a lot of trouble. After working all day, when you go home, your body aches. Our income is not good. Sometimes I earn like Tk. 300, sometimes Tk. 500 a day.'

Idris Majhi of Barishal has been working at this ghat for 18 years. He said, "The workers do not get their fair wages for the hardwork they do." We want the workers to get their money on time.

Sahabuddin, the security worker of the ghat said, "I have been working for the last 5 months. Here, along with the elders, I see small children working with heavy loads on their heads. It is actually a kind of inhuman act. Such is their life. Some day they get 200-300 takas. Again, one day does not get at all, loss of coming to the ghat. If there is a ship, if they work, they get like 500 takas.

Jahed, once a laborer, has now become a sailor. He said, 'Workers are paid 100 taka per Sampan. I manage them and earn as much as a laborer. There is no time for these tasks. Really work with Sampan fish. If not, you have to sit down. It appears that sometime in the morning many sampans bring fish. Sometimes he comes in the afternoon.

They start their day with a bag of fish on their heads. In this way, afternoon turns into evening. The date on the calendar changes when you return home with a body wet with sweat from the whole day. However, their fate does not change! Live in labor and sweat.

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Not only on May Day, but also on Eid, the workers do not get a holiday



Al Mamun, District Correspondent, Barta24.com, Brahamanbaria
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The Chatal workers of the district do not know the Great May Day or the International Labor Day. Even though it is officially closed on May Day, they have to continue working. They somehow survive by fighting and toiling with life. Chatal workers provide rice to billions of people in the country by processing rice from paddy soaked in rain day and night and burnt by the sun. The men and women workers of that Chatal have been deprived of their fair dues for ages. They do not get leave not only on May Day but also on Eid.

Visiting the district's Chatal mills, it is learned that in the early 1980s, the establishment of Chatal mills started in Ashuganj of the district. Gradually, due to easy communication and infrastructure facilities by road, rail and river, this industry expanded rapidly here. Also, due to the availability of Ashuganj thermal power plant, which is one of the largest in the country, and the availability of gas, the installation of Chatal mills is increasing day by day.

There are more than 300 Chatal rice mills in Brahmanbaria, the largest paddy and rice producer in the eastern part of the country. And about 10 thousand men and women workers are employed here those who are working day and night to produce rice from paddy. From these mills, 30/35 thousand tons of rice are being supplied to different areas of the country every day. And men and women workers have to do all the work from boiling rice to packing rice in these mills. Their homes are in different upazilas of the district including Kishoreganj, Netrakona, Sunamganj, Barishal, Satkhira, Naogaon and Mymensingh. They do not know whether it is International Labor Day or May Day. Even though there is an official holiday on this day, the workers have to work.

Kala Mia, a worker at Bhai Bhai Auto Rice Mill said, I have been working at Chatal mill for about 8 years. Until now, our owners have never given May Day holiday. I don't know whether there is such an instruction officially.

Khan Mohammad auto rice mill worker Md. Hanif Mia said, never heard about May Day or International Labor Day. We have never stopped working on this day. If you don't work, you won't get food in your stomach. So let's work; Don't worry about holidays.

Chatal's female worker Mariam Begum regretted that people have a lot of desire to roam. They can do that. We also want to go to different festivals like other people. But it is no longer possible by us.

Another Chatal woman Ruma Begum told Barta24.com, I feel very bad when people move around on different days. Because for almost 7 years I cannot go to my in-laws house due to work. I can't take a few days off anyway. Even if we want leave, we are not given leave. And our salary is according to the production. So I can't think about getting food for my stomach if I want to.

Meanwhile, Atiullah of Brother Auto Rice Mill told Barta24.com that they actually work according to the contract with the owner and according to the production. So it is up to them not to stop. And many of the laborers are not educated. So they don't know much about May Day. However, if they do not want to work on this day, there is no restriction on the part of the owner.

General Secretary of Ashuganj branch of Bangladesh Trade Union Association Tanshen Ahmed told Barta24.com, I have tried a lot to understand the owners and workers. We can't for rice mill owner and Sardar. Talked to the workers but they don't let Sardar understand this thing. Owners work with them.

We have discussed these demands with the owners on various occasions, but they have not accepted any of the demands so far. Therefore, I am calling for the formulation of a policy in coordination with the owners of the Chatal to pay the minimum monthly wages to the Chatal workers on May Day.

Former President of District Rice Mill Owners Association Babul Ahmed told Barta24.com that although there are various social institutions in the country, none of them have been seen by the side of these neglected and deprived workers. There is no closure on Labor Day in the rice mills of the district. If any initiative is taken by the government, we will take action accordingly. Of course workers need to be off on this day.

In this regard, Brahmanbaria Deputy Commissioner Mohammad Habibur Rahman told Barta24.com, "I am not aware of the fact that the workers in the Chatal mills of the district do not have any closure on May Day." As I understand that they should be closed on May Day, necessary measures will be taken by talking to the Chatal owners.

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